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 In this mode, all the control signals are given out by the microprocessor chip itself. There is a single microprocessor in the single mode system. The remaining components in the system are latches, transreceivers, clock generator, memoryand I/O devices, chip selection logic for selecting memory or I/O devices. The latches are generally buffered output D-type flip-flops like 74LS373. They are used for separating the valid address from the multiplexed address/data signals andare controlled by the ALE signal generated by 8086. Transreceivers are the bi-directional buffers and are sometimes called data amplifiers. They are required to separate the valid data from the time multiplexed address/data signals. They are controlled by two signals namely DEN and DT/R. The DEN signal indicates the valid data available on the data bus while DT/R indicates thedirection of data, i.e., from / to the processor. The system contains memory (RAM or ROM), I/O devices for the communication with theprocessor. The clock generator (IC8284) generates the clock from the crystal oscillator and is used as anaccurate timing reference for the system. The clock generator also synchronizes some external signals with the system clock. Since it has 20 address lines and 16 data lines, the 8086 CPU requires three octal addresslatches and two octal data buffers for the complete address and data separation. The working of the minimum mode configuration system can be better described in terms ofthe timing diagrams. The timing diagram can be categorized into two parts. The first is the timing diagram for readcycle and second is the write cycle. The read cycle begins in T1 with the assertion of the Address Latch Enable(ALE) signal andM/IO signal.