4. DiscussionThe analysis of ICZM m

4. Discussion
The analysis of ICZM measures of Denmark, Kenya and Mauritius revealed the status and initiatives taken so far for ICZM. Denmark being in the European Union and bounded by the European Union commission’sICZM program, still lags behind other countries. However, Kenya, an African country has been quite
involved in ICZM. This is mainly because of the large proportion of its population dependent on coastal
resources for their livelihood and the coastal zones sustain some major economic activities [5]. An ICZM plan
is an important feature and is the initial step [4]. Countries having a clear and well defined plan will surely be
able to manage coastal zones as it is the case for Kenya. Legal documents and proper enforcement are the
basis for ICZM [16-17]. Once again, Kenya having well defined legal provision towards the management of
its coastal zones supported by proper implementation is able to abide by its ICZM plan. Furthermore, it is
clear that whenever there is the political will to implement ICZM initiatives, its success is evident. The coast
may be successfully managed with the involvement of stakeholder’s participation [26]. Stakeholders are those
who know exactly what prevails in a coastal zone and what will the population benefit. The processes of
ICZM require funding. Though ICZM programs are the initiatives of Governments, the burden of financing
the projects may be shifted by setting up economic instruments. It is obvious that large sums of money may be
obtained through economic instruments thus inculcating people to be environmentally conscious.

5. Conclusion
An overview of the three countries was made: Denmark, Kenya and Mauritius. Denmark and Kenya were
chosen since the economy as well as the citizens of these two countries are dependent on theirs coasts and
resources. Another reason was because of the availability of information on the progress, status and
performance of ICZM and policies of these two countries. This analysis of the policies countries helped in
having a picture of their ICZM processes. These three countries have reached different levels in their
endeavours towards ICZM.
References
[1] European Commission (2012), Coastal Zone Policy [Online] Available from: http://ec.europa.eu/environment/iczm/situation.htm
[Accessed: 31 March 2012]
[2] Clark J.R. (1996), Coastal Zone Management Handbook. Florida: CRC Press LLC
[3] Bennett R. (2001) ‘Future perspectives on ICZM’ Arbeider fra institutt for geografi. Bergen
[4] Shi C., Hutchinson S.M., Yu L., Xu S., (2001) Towards a sustainable coast: an integrated coastal zone management framework
for Shanghai, People’s Republic of China, Ocean and Management, 44. P. 411-427
[5] MapsofWorld. (2012), Geography of Denmark. [Online] Available at: [Accessed 5 April 2013]
[6] Anker H.T. et al., (2004), CZM in Denmark: ways and means for further integration. Transnational Seminar on the European
Spatial Development Perspective. Göteborg
[7] BBC. (2012), Kenya Profile [Online] Available at: [Accessed 5 April 2013]
[8] IndexMundi (2011), Mauritius Area,[Online] Available at: http://www.indexmundi.com/mauritius.html [Accessed:23 March
2013]
[9] Coast of Kenya. (2012), Coast of Kenya. [Online] Available at: [Accessed 5 April 2013]
[10] Government of Kenya (2009), State of the coast report: towards Integrated Management of Coastal and Marine Resources in
Kenya. National Environment Management Authority (NEMA), Nairobi. 88 pp.
[11] Beach Authority (2012) Beach Authority. [Online] Available at: [Accessed 20 April 2013]
[12] Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development. (2011), Integrated Coastal Zone Management Division, [Online]
Available at: http://www.gov.mu/portal/site/menvsite/menuitem.7612218110c9f6a9cf6d2f2ba0208a0c/> [Accessed: 23 March 2013]
[13] Cambers, G. (1998) Planning for Coastline Change: Coastal Development Setback Guidelines in Antigua and Barbuda. Paris:
UNESCO. Available

Results (English) 1:

4. Discussion
The analysis of ICZM measures of Denmark, Kenya and Mauritius revealed the status and initiatives taken so far for ICZM. Denmark being in the European Union and bounded by the European Union commission’sICZM program, still lags behind other countries. However, Kenya, an African country has been quite
involved in ICZM. This is mainly because of the large proportion of its population dependent on coastal
resources for their livelihood and the coastal zones sustain some major economic activities [5]. An ICZM plan
is an important feature and is the initial step [4]. Countries having a clear and well defined plan will surely be
able to manage coastal zones as it is the case for Kenya. Legal documents and proper enforcement are the
basis for ICZM [16-17]. Once again, Kenya having well defined legal provision towards the management of
its coastal zones supported by proper implementation is able to abide by its ICZM plan. Furthermore, it is
clear that whenever there is the political will to implement ICZM initiatives, its success is evident. The coast
may be successfully managed with the involvement of stakeholder’s participation [26]. Stakeholders are those
who know exactly what prevails in a coastal zone and what will the population benefit. The processes of
ICZM require funding. Though ICZM programs are the initiatives of Governments, the burden of financing
the projects may be shifted by setting up economic instruments. It is obvious that large sums of money may be
obtained through economic instruments thus inculcating people to be environmentally conscious.

5. Conclusion
An overview of the three countries was made: Denmark, Kenya and Mauritius. Denmark and Kenya were
chosen since the economy as well as the citizens of these two countries are dependent on theirs coasts and
resources. Another reason was because of the availability of information on the progress, status and
performance of ICZM and policies of these two countries. This analysis of the policies countries helped in
having a picture of their ICZM processes. These three countries have reached different levels in their
endeavours towards ICZM.
References
[1] European Commission (2012), Coastal Zone Policy [Online] Available from: http://ec.europa.eu/environment/iczm/situation.htm
[Accessed: 31 March 2012]
[2] Clark J.R. (1996), Coastal Zone Management Handbook. Florida: CRC Press LLC
[3] Bennett R. (2001) ‘Future perspectives on ICZM’ Arbeider fra institutt for geografi. Bergen
[4] Shi C., Hutchinson S.M., Yu L., Xu S., (2001) Towards a sustainable coast: an integrated coastal zone management framework
for Shanghai, People’s Republic of China, Ocean and Management, 44. P. 411-427
[5] MapsofWorld. (2012), Geography of Denmark. [Online] Available at: html> [Accessed 5 April 2013]
[6] Anker H.T. et al., (2004), CZM in Denmark: ways and means for further integration. Transnational Seminar on the European
Spatial Development Perspective. Göteborg
[7] BBC. (2012), Kenya Profile [Online] Available at: [Accessed 5 April 2013]
[8] IndexMundi (2011), Mauritius Area,[Online] Available at: http://www.indexmundi.com/mauritius.html [Accessed:23 March
2013]
[9] Coast of Kenya. (2012), Coast of Kenya. [Online] Available at: [Accessed 5 April 2013]
[10] Government of Kenya (2009), State of the coast report: towards Integrated Management of Coastal and Marine Resources in
Kenya. National Environment Management Authority (NEMA), Nairobi. 88 pp.
[11] Beach Authority (2012) Beach Authority. [Online] Available at: [Accessed 20 April 2013]
[12] Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development. (2011), Integrated Coastal Zone Management Division, [Online]
Available at: http://www.gov.mu/portal/site/menvsite/menuitem.7612218110c9f6a9cf6d2f2ba0208a0c/> [Accessed: 23 March 2013]
[13] Cambers, G. (1998) Planning for Coastline Change: Coastal Development Setback Guidelines in Antigua and Barbuda. Paris:
UNESCO. Available

Results (English) 2:

4. Discussion
The analysis of ICZM Measures of Denmark, Kenya and Mauritius Revealed The Status and Initiatives Taken So Far for ICZM. Denmark being in the European Union and bounded by the European Union commission'sICZM program, still lags behind other countries. However, Kenya, an African Country has been Quite
Involved in ICZM. Because this is mainly of The Large Proportion of Population ITS dependent on Coastal
Resources for their livelihood and Coastal Zones The Major Economic Sustain some activities [5]. An ICZM Plan
is an important and Feature is The Initial Step [4]. Countries having a clear and defined Plan Well Surely Will be
Able to Manage Coastal Zones As it is The Case for Kenya. Legal documents and Proper enforcement are The
BASIS for ICZM [16-17]. Again once, Kenya having legal Well defined Provision towards The Management of
Coastal Zones ITS Supported by Proper implementation is Able to abide by ITS ICZM Plan. Furthermore, it is
clear that political Whenever there is The Will to IMPLEMENT ICZM Initiatives, ITS Success is Evident. The coast
May be successfully managed with The involvement of stakeholder's Participation [26]. Stakeholders are those
Who know exactly What prevails in a Coastal Zone and What Will The Population Benefit. The processes of
ICZM Require Funding. Though ICZM programs are The Initiatives of Governments, The burden of financing
The Projects May be shifted by Setting up Economic Instruments. It is Obvious that Large sums of Money May be
obtained thus inculcating People Through Economic Instruments to be Environmentally Conscious. 5. Conclusion was Made An Overview of The Three Countries: Denmark, Kenya and Mauritius. Denmark and Kenya were Chosen since The Economy As Well As The Two Countries Citizens of these are dependent on Theirs Coasts and Resources. Another Reason Because of The availability of information was on The Progress, Status and Performance of ICZM and Policies of these Two Countries. The Policies of this analysis Countries helped in having a picture of their ICZM processes. These Three Countries Have reached different levels in their endeavors towards ICZM. References [1] European Commission (2012th), Coastal Zone Policy [Online] Available from: Http://ec.europa.eu/environment/iczm/situation.htm [. Accessed: 31 March 2,012] [2] Clark JR (1996), Coastal Zone Management Handbook. Florida: CRC Press LLC [3] Bennett R. (2001) 'Future Perspectives on ICZM' Arbeider fra institutt for geografi. Bergen [4] C. Shi, SM Hutchinson, L. Yu, Xu S., (2,001) Towards a Sustainable coast: an Integrated Coastal Zone Management Framework for Shanghai, People's Republic of China, Ocean and Management, 44. P. 411. -427 [5] MapsofWorld. (2012), Geography of Denmark. [Online] Available at:















HTML> [Accessed April 2,013 5]
[6] HT Anker et AL., (2 004), CZM in Denmark: Ways and means for Further Integration. Transnational Seminar on The European
Spatial Development Perspective. Göteborg
[7] BBC. (2012), Kenya Profile [Online] Available at:.[Accessed 5 April in 2013]
[8] IndexMundi (2011th), Mauritius Area, [Online] Available at: Http://www.indexmundi.com/mauritius.html [Accessed: 23 March
2013th]
[9] Coast of Kenya. (2012), Coast of Kenya. [Online] Available at:[Accessed 5 April in 2013]
[10] Government of Kenya (the 2,009th), State of The coast Report: towards Integrated Management of Coastal and Marine Resources in
Kenya. National Environment Management Authority (NEMA), Nairobi. 88 PP.
[11] Beach Authority (2012) Beach Authority. [Online] Available at:[Accessed 20 April 2013th]
[12] Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development. (2,011th), Integrated Coastal Zone Management Division, [Online]
Available at: Http://www.gov.mu/portal/site/menvsite/menuitem.7612218110c9f6a9cf6d2f2ba0208a0c/> [Accessed: 23 March 2,013]
[13] cambers, G. . (1998) Planning for Coastline Change: Coastal Development Setback Guidelines in Antigua and Barbuda. Paris:
UNESCO. Available

Results (English) 3:

4. Discussion
The analysis of ICZM measures of Denmark Kenya and, Mauritius revealed the status and initiatives taken so. Far for ICZM. Denmark being in the European Union and bounded by the European Union Commission ', sICZM program still lags. Behind other countries. However Kenya an African,, country has been quite
involved in ICZM.This is mainly because of the large proportion of its population dependent on coastal
resources for their livelihood and. The coastal zones sustain some major economic activities [5]. An ICZM plan
is an important feature and is the initial step. []. Countries 4 having a clear and well defined plan will surely be
able to manage coastal zones as it is the case for Kenya.Legal documents and proper enforcement are the
basis for ICZM []. Once, 16-17 again Kenya having well defined legal provision. Towards the management of
its coastal zones supported by proper implementation is able to abide by its ICZM plan, Furthermore,. It is
clear that whenever there is the political will to implement, ICZM initiatives its success is evident. The coast
.May be successfully managed with the involvement of stakeholder 's participation [26]. Stakeholders are those
who know exactly. What prevails in a coastal zone and what will the population benefit. The processes of
ICZM require funding. Though ICZM. Programs are the initiatives of Governments the burden, of financing
the projects may be shifted by setting up economic. Instruments.It is obvious that large sums of money may be
obtained through economic instruments thus inculcating people to be environmentally. Conscious.

5. Conclusion
An overview of the three countries was made: Denmark Kenya and, Mauritius. Denmark and Kenya were
chosen. Since the economy as well as the citizens of these two countries are dependent on theirs coasts and
resources.Another reason was because of the availability of information on, the progress status and
performance of ICZM and policies. Of these two countries. This analysis of the policies countries helped in
having a picture of their ICZM processes. These. Three countries have reached different levels in their
endeavours towards ICZM.

[] European References 1 Commission (2012),Coastal Zone Policy [] Available Online from: http: / / ec.europa.eu / environment / ICZM / situation.htm
[Accessed: 31 March 2012]
[2]. Clark J.R. (1996), Coastal Zone Management Handbook. Florida: CRC Press LLC
[] Bennett 3 R. (2001) Future perspectives on. ' ICZM 'Arbeider FRA institutt for geografi. Bergen
[] Shi 4 C, Hutchinson S.M, Yu L, Xu S, (2001) Towards a sustainable. Coast:An integrated coastal zone management framework
for Shanghai People ', s Republic of China Ocean, and, Management 44. P.? 411-427
[] MapsofWorld 5. (2012), Geography of Denmark. [] Available Online at: < http: / / www.mapsofworld.com / Denmark / geography-ofdenmark.
HTML >. [Accessed 5 April 2013]
[] Anker 6 H.T. Et al, (2004), CZM in Denmark: ways and means for further integration.Transnational Seminar on the European
Spatial Development Perspective. G ö teborg
[] BBC 7. (2012), Kenya Online Profile []. Available at: < http: / / www.bbc.co.uk / news / world-africa-13681341 > [Accessed 5 April 2013]
[] IndexMundi 8 (2011), Mauritius. Area, [] Available Online at: http: / / www.indexmundi.com / mauritius.html [Accessed: 23 March
2013]
[] Coast 9 of Kenya. (2012),. Coast of Kenya.[] Available Online at: < http: / / www.coastofkenya.com / > [Accessed 5 April 2013]
[] Government 10 of Kenya (2009), State of. The coast report: towards Integrated Management of Coastal and Marine Resources in
Kenya. National Environment Management. Authority (NEMA), Nairobi. 88 PP.
[] Beach 11 Authority (2012) Beach Authority. [] Available Online at: < http: / / beachauthority.intnet.Mu / > [Accessed 20 April 2013]
[] Ministry 12 of Environment and Sustainable Development. (2011), Integrated Coastal Zone. Management Division, [Online]
Available at: http: / / www.gov.mu / portal / site / menvsite / menuitem.7612218110c9f6a9cf6d2f2ba0208a0c / >. [Accessed: 23 March 2013]
[], 13 Cambers G. (1998) Planning for Coastline Change: Coastal Development Setback Guidelines. In Antigua and Barbuda. Paris:
.UNESCO. Available.